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A Novel Electrochemical Reactor for Nitrogen and Phosphorus Recovery from Domestic Wastewater

Shiting Ren, Mengchen Li, Jianyu Sun, Yanhong Bian, Kuichang Zuo, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Peng Liang, Xia Huang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0983-x

摘要： To separate and concentrate NH4+ and PO43 from the synthetic wastewater to the concentrated solution through a novel electrochemical reactor with circulated anode and cathode using the difference of the concentration between electrode chamber and middle chamber. In recent years, the research on electrochemical processes have been focused on phosphate and ammonium removal and recovery. Among the wide range of possibilities with regards to electrochemical processes, capacitive deionization (CDI) saves the most energy while at the same time does not have continuity and selectivity. In this study, a new electrochemical reactor with electrolyte cyclic flowing in the electrode chambers was constructed to separate and concentrate phosphate and ammonium continuously and selectively from wastewater, based on the principle of CDI. At the concentration ratio of NaCl solution between the electrode chambers and the middle chamber (r) of 25 to 1, phosphate and ammonium in concentration level of domestic wastewater can be removed and recovered continuously and selectively as struvite. Long-term operation also indicated the ability to continuously repeat the reaction and verified sustained stability. Further, the selective recovery at the certain r could also be available to similar technologies for recovering other kinds of substances.

关键词： Nutrients recovery     Electrochemical reactor     Electrolyte cyclic flowing     Concentration ratio     Struvite    

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Investigation of fluorescence characterization and electrochemical behavior on the catalysts of nanosized

Chang-Mao HUNG, Wen-Liang LAI, Jane-Li LIN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 428-434 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0517-0

摘要： This work describes the environmentally friendly technology for oxidation of ammonia (NH ) to form nitrogen at temperatures range from 423K to 673K by selective catalytic oxidation (SCO) over a nanosized Pt-Rh/γ-Al O catalyst prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method of hexachloroplatinic acid (H PtCl ) and rhodium (III) nitrate (Rh(NO ) ) with γ-Al O in a tubular fixed-bed flow quartz reactor (TFBR). The characterization of catalysts were thoroughly measured using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), three-dimensional excitation-emission fluorescent matrix (EEFM) spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorption, dynamic light-scattering (DLS), zeta potential meter, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results demonstrated that at a temperature of 673K and an oxygen content of 4%, approximately 99% of the NH was removed by catalytic oxidation over the nanosized Pt-Rh/γ-Al O catalyst. N was the main product in NH -SCO process. Further, it reveals that the oxidation of NH was proceeds by the over-oxidation of NH into NO, which was conversely reacted with the NH to yield N . Therefore, the application of nanosized Pt-Rh/γ-Al O catalyst can significantly enhance the catalytic activity toward NH oxidation. One fluorescent peak for fresh catalyst was different with that of exhausted catalyst. It indicates that EEFM spectroscopy was proven to be an appropriate and effective method to characterize the Pt clusters in intrinsic emission from nanosized Pt-Rh/γ-Al O catalyst. Results obtained from the CV may explain the significant catalytic activity of the catalysts.

关键词： ammonia (NH3)     nanosized Pt-Rh/γ-Al2O3 catalyst     excitation-emission fluorescent matrix (EEFM)     selective catalytic oxidation (SCO)     tubular fixed-bed reactor (TFBR)    

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Recent advances in electrochemical decontamination of perfluorinated compounds from water: a review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1618-z

摘要：

● Recent advances in the electrochemical decontamination of PFAS are reviewed.

关键词： Perfluorinated compounds     Electrochemical approach     Working mechanisms     Impacting factor     Coupled process    

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Research progress in tribo-electrochemistry and tribo-electrochemical polishing

ZHAI Wenjie

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第4期   页码 463-467 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0080-0

摘要： In this paper, the status quo and recent progress in the research on tribo-electrochemistry in aqueous and non-aqueous media, respectively, are reviewed. Much more attention has been paid to the tribo-electrochemical mechanisms for the control of friction and wear. Based on a summary of the conventional polishing principles of hard and brittle materials, the tribo-electrochemical polishing method is proposed. The results of the preliminary test show that tribo-electrochemical polishing is promising to become a critical technology in the high efficient polishing and planarization of microelectronic materials.

关键词： tribo-electrochemical mechanisms     planarization     non-aqueous     tribo-electrochemistry     summary    

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Enhanced electrochemical performance of CoNiS@TiCT electrode material through doping of cobalt element

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1440-1449 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2333-9

摘要： The composite electrode of CoNiSx and Ti3C2Tx MXene was successfully prepared using a one-step hydrothermal method under the in-situ doping of the cobalt element. The effects of in-situ doping of the cobalt element on the micromorphology and electrochemical performance of the electrodes were investigated. After in-situ doping of the cobalt element, NiS with a needle-like structure was converted into a CoNiSx with petal-like structure. The petal-like CoNiSx with a rough surface was very dense and evenly wrapped on the surface and interlamination of Ti3C2Tx, which helped increase the specific surface area and pore volume of the electrode. Under the identical test conditions, CoNiSx@Ti3C2Tx had a higher specific capacitance and capacitance retention than NiS@Ti3C2Tx. This result indicated that the in-situ doping of the cobalt element promoted the electrochemical performance of the electrode. The energy density of the CoNiSx@Ti3C2Tx/nickel foam (NF)//activated carbon (AC)/NF asymmetric supercapacitor device was 59.20 Wh·kg–1 at a power density of 826.73 W·kg–1, which was much higher than that of NiS@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF. Three CoNiSx@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF in series were able to illuminate the light emitting diode lamp for about 10 min, which was higher than the 5 min of three NiS@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF in series under the same condition. The CoNiSx@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF with high energy density had better application potential in energy storage than the NiS@Ti3C2Tx/NF//AC/NF.

关键词： MXene     supercapacitor     cobalt doping     structure characterization     electrochemical performance    

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Effect of denitrifying bacteria on the electrochemical reaction of activated carbon fiber in electrochemical

YING Diwen, JIA Jinping, ZHANG Lehua

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 305-310 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0051-z

摘要： An electrochemical-activated denitrifying biofilm system consisting of activated carbon fiber electrodes immobilized with denitrifying bacteria film as cathode was studied. A revised model for an electrochemical-activated denitrifying biofilm was developed and validated by electrochemical analysis of cathodal polarization curves and nitrate consumption rate. The cathodal polarization curve and nitrate consumption rate were introduced to verify the rate of electrochemical reaction and the activity of denitrifying bacteria, respectively. It was shown that the denitrification process effectively strengthened the electrochemical reaction while the electron also intensified denitrification activity. Electron was transferred between electrochemical process and biological process not only by hydrogen molecule but also by new produced active hydrogen atom. Additionally, a parameter of apparent exchange current density was deprived from the cathodal polarization curve with high overpotential, and a new bio-effect current density was defined through statistical analysis, which was linearly dependent to the activity of denitrification bacteria. Activated carbon fiber (ACF) electrode was also found to be more suitable to the electrochemical denitrifying system compared with graphite and platinum.

关键词： ACF     apparent exchange     hydrogen molecule     activated     biological process    

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Recent advances in the electrochemical oxidation water treatment: Spotlight on byproduct control

Yang Yang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1264-7

摘要： Abstract • Byproduct formation mechanisms during electrochemical oxidation water treatment. • Control byproduct formation by quenchers. • Process optimization to suppress byproduct formation. Electrochemical oxidation (EO) is a promising technique for decentralized wastewater treatment, owing to its modular design, high efficiency, and ease of automation and transportation. The catalytic destruction of recalcitrant, non-biodegradable pollutants (per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pharmaceuticals, and personal care products (PPCPs), pesticides, etc.) is an appropriate niche for EO. EO can be more effective than homogeneous advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of recalcitrant chemicals inert to radical-mediated oxidation, because the potential of the anode can be made much higher than that of hydroxyl radicals (EOH = 2.7 V vs. NHE), forcing the direct transfer of electrons from pollutants to electrodes. Unfortunately, at such high anodic potential, chloride ions, which are ubiquitous in natural water systems, will be readily oxidized to chlorine and perchlorate. Perchlorate is a to-be-regulated byproduct, and chlorine can react with matrix organics to produce organic halogen compounds. In the past ten years, novel electrode materials and processes have been developed. However, spotlights were rarely focused on the control of byproduct formation during EO processes in a real-world context. When we use EO techniques to eliminate target contaminants with concentrations at μg/L-levels, byproducts at mg/L-levels might be produced. Is it a good trade-off? Is it possible to inhibit byproduct formation without compromising the performance of EO? In this mini-review, we will summarize the recent advances and provide perspectives to address the above questions.

关键词： Electrochemical water treatment     Byproducts     Perchlorate    

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Newly-modeled graphene-based ternary nanocomposite for the magnetophotocatalytic reduction of CO2 with electrochemical

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第10期   页码 1438-1459 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2166-y

摘要： The development of CO2 into hydrocarbon fuels has emerged as a green method that could help mitigate global warning. The novel structured photocatalyst is a promising material for use in a photocatalytic and magneto-electrochemical method that fosters the reduction of CO2 by suppressing the recombination of electron−hole pairs and effectively transferring the electrons to the surface for the chemical reaction of CO2 reduction. In our study, we have developed a novel-structured AgCuZnS2–graphene–TiO2 to analyze its catalytic activity toward the selective evolution of CO2. The selectivity of each nanocomposite substantially enhanced the activity of the AgCuZnS2–graphene–TiO2 ternary nanocomposite due to the successful interaction, and the selectivity of the final product was improved to a value 3 times higher than that of the pure AgCuZnS2 and 2 times higher than those of AgCuZnS2–graphene and AgCuZnS2–TiO2 under ultra-violet (UV)-light (λ = 254 nm) irradiation in the photocatalytic process. The electrochemical CO2 reduction test was also conducted to analyze the efficacy of the AgCuZnS2–graphene–TiO2 when used as a working electrode in laboratory electrochemical cells. The electrochemical process was conducted under different experimental conditions, such as various scan rates (mV·s–1), under UV-light and with a 0.07 T magnetic-core. The evolution of CO2 substantially improved under UV-light (λ = 254 nm) and with 0.07 T magnetic-core treatment; these improvements were attributed to the facts that the UV-light activated the electron-transfer pathway and the magnetic core controlled the pathway of electron-transmission/prevention to protect it from chaotic electron movement. Among all tested nanocomposites, AgCuZnS2–graphene–TiO2 absorbed the CO2 most strongly and showed the best ability to transfer the electron to reduce the CO2 to methanol. We believe that our newly-modeled ternary nanocomposite opens up new opportunities for the evolution of CO2 to methanol through an electrochemical and photocatalytic process.

关键词： ternary nanocomposite     photocatalytic     electrochemical CO2 reduction     UV-light     magnetic core    

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Gold nanoparticles/single-stranded DNA-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites based electrochemical biosensor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 1572-1582 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2112-4

摘要： High density and uniform distribution of the gold nanoparticles functionalized single-stranded DNA modified reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites were obtained by non-covalent interaction. The positive gold nanoparticles prepared by phase inversion method exhibited good dimensional homogeneity and dispersibility, which could readily combine with single-stranded DNA modified reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites by electrostatic interactions. The modification of single-stranded DNA endowed the reduced graphene oxide with favorable biocompatibility and provided the preferable surface with negative charge for further assembling of gold nanoparticles to obtain gold nanoparticles/single-stranded DNA modified reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites with better conductivity, larger specific surface area, biocompatibility and electrocatalytic characteristics. The as-prepared nanocomposites were applied as substrates for the construction of cholesterol oxidase modified electrode and well realized the direct electron transfer between the enzyme and electrode. The modified gold nanoparticles could further catalyze the products of cholesterol oxidation catalyzed by cholesterol oxidase, which was beneficial to the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The as-fabricated bioelectrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performance for the cholesterol with a linear range of 7.5‒280.5 μmol·L‒1, a low detection limit of 2.1 μmol·L‒1, good stability and reproducibility. Moreover, the electrochemical biosensor showed good selectivity and acceptable accuracy for the detection of cholesterol in human serum samples.

关键词： reduced graphene oxide     gold nanoparticles     electrochemical biosensor     cholesterol oxidase     cholesterol    

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Emerging electrochemical processes for materials recovery from wastewater: Mechanisms and prospects

Lingchen Kong, Xitong Liu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1269-2

摘要： Abstract • Mechanisms for selective recovery of materials in electrochemical processes are discussed. • Wastewaters that contain recoverable materials are reviewed. • Application prospects are discussed from both technical and non-technical aspects. Recovering valuable materials from waste streams is critical to the transition to a circular economy with reduced environmental damages caused by resource extraction activities. Municipal and industrial wastewaters contain a variety of materials, such as nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), lithium, and rare earth elements, which can be recovered as value-added products. Owing to their modularity, convenient operation and control, and the non-requirement of chemical dosage, electrochemical technologies offer a great promise for resource recovery in small-scale, decentralized systems. Here, we review three emerging electrochemical technologies for materials recovery applications: electrosorption based on carbonaceous and intercalation electrodes, electrochemical redox processes, and electrochemically induced precipitation. We highlight the mechanisms for achieving selective materials recovery in these processes. We also present an overview of the advantages and limitations of these technologies, as well as the key challenges that need to be overcome for their deployment in real-world systems to achieve cost-effective and sustainable materials recovery.

关键词： Materials recovery     Electrosorption     Capacitive deionization     Redox processes     Electrochemical precipitation    

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Investigation of electrochemical degradation and application of e-paper dyes in organic solvents

Luhai LI, Ming WANG, Yi FANG, Shunan QIAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 182-185 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0062-3

摘要： To avoid environmental pollution due to organic dye solutions, the electrophoresis and degradation of dye in organic solvents such as alcohol were investigated. Many dyes were tested in the Indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode driving cell, and about 15 dyes moved under voltage driving. Both the curves of ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and infrared (IR) spectra of the electrophoresis samples showed that the metal complexes Red 04 and Acid Black 1 were degradable in alcohol solution by electrochemical reaction. The cyclic volt-ampere curves of the samples from the electrochemical working station proved that electrochemical reactions took place. Based on the analysis of UV-Vis and IR spectra, the electrochemical degradation products of azo and metal complex azo dyes at lower voltage driving (1-5 V) in organic solvents are oxidized azobenzene, not hydrazine, which was found in the electrochemical degradation of dye water solutions. When the ITO electrode is modified by a polyimide (PI) film to a thickness less than 4 μm, the electrochemical degradation of the dye in alcohol solution will not appear in the cyclic volt-ampere curves. A dye electrophoresis in organic solution flexible prototype e-paper display was formed and the display picture is shown.

关键词： electrochemical degradation     electrophoresis     e-paper     oxidized azobenzene group    

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Influence of surface modified mixed metal oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical and mechanical properties

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 1-14 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2176-9

摘要： Newly synthesized functional nanoparticles, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATA)/SiO2–TiO2 were introduced to the polyurethane (PU) matrix. Electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the barrier properties of the synthesized PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite coated steel specimen. In natural seawater, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments indicated outstanding protective behaviour for the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coated steel. The coating resistance (Rcoat) of PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 was determined to be 2956.90 kΩ·cm–2. The Rcoat of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite coating was found to be over 50% higher than the PU coating. The current measured along the scratched surface of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coating was found to be very low (1.65 nA). The enhanced ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles inhibited the entry of electrolytes into the coating interface, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of the degradation products. Water contact angle testing validated the hydrophobic nature of the PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 coating (θ = 115.4°). When the concentration of ATA/SiO2−TiO2 nanoparticles was 2 wt %, dynamic mechanical analysis revealed better mechanical properties. Therefore, the newly synthesised PU–ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanocomposite provided excellent barrier and mechanical properties due to the addition of ATA/SiO2–TiO2 nanoparticles to the polyurethane, which inhibited material degradation and aided in the prolongation of the coated steel’s life.

关键词： SiO2/TiO2 nanoparticle     nanocomposite coatings     dynamic mechanical analysis     electrochemical techniques     corrosion     colloids and interfaces    

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/cellulose nanofiber composite films with outstanding photothermal effect, excellent mechanical and electrochemical

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1028-1037 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2251-2

摘要： Electrodes that combine energy storage with mechanical and photothermal performance are necessary for efficient development and use of flexible energy storage and conversion devices. In this study, the flexible, ultrathin, and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films were fabricated via a one-step “soak and polymerization” method. The dense sandwich structure and strong interfacial interaction endowed polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with excellent flexibility, outstanding mechanical strength, and desired toughness. Interestingly, the polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite film electrodes with quaternary amine functionalized cellulose nanofiber had the highest specific mass capacitance (392.90 F∙g–1) and specific areal capacitance (3.32 F∙cm–2) than the electrodes with unmodified and carboxyl functionalized cellulose nanofibers. Further, the polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with sandwich structure had excellent photothermal conversion properties. This study demonstrated a feasible and versatile method for preparing of multifunctional composite films, having promising applications in various energy storage fields.

关键词： cellulose nanofiber     electrochemical     photothermal conversion     polypyrrole    

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Tuning the catalytic selectivity in electrochemical CO

Jiafang XIE,Yuxi HUANG,Hanqing YU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第5期   页码 861-866 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0742-1

摘要： Electrochemical conversion of CO to hydrocarbons can relieve both environmental and energy stresses. However, electrocatalysts for this reaction usually suffer from a poor product selectivity and a large overpotential. Here we report that tunable catalytic selectivity for hydrocarbon formation could be achieved on Cu nanomaterials with different morphologies. By tuning the electrochemical parameters, either Cu oxide nanowires or nanoneedles were fabricated and then electrochemically reduced to the corresponding Cu nanomaterials. The Cu nanowires preferred the formation of C H , while the Cu nanoneedles favored the production of more CH , rather than C H . Our work provides a facile synthetic strategy for preparing Cu-based nanomaterials to achieve selective CO reduction.

关键词： electrochemical CO2 reduction     Cu oxide     nanostructure     selectivity     hydrocarbon formation    

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Tracing the impact of stack configuration on interface resistances in reverse electrodialysis by in situ electrochemical

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1480-9

摘要：

• RED performance and stack resistance were studied by EIS and LSV.

关键词： Reverse electrodialysis     Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy     Concentration polarization     Spacer shadow effect    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

A Novel Electrochemical Reactor for Nitrogen and Phosphorus Recovery from Domestic Wastewater

Shiting Ren, Mengchen Li, Jianyu Sun, Yanhong Bian, Kuichang Zuo, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Peng Liang, Xia Huang

期刊论文

Investigation of fluorescence characterization and electrochemical behavior on the catalysts of nanosized

Chang-Mao HUNG, Wen-Liang LAI, Jane-Li LIN

期刊论文

Recent advances in electrochemical decontamination of perfluorinated compounds from water: a review

期刊论文

Research progress in tribo-electrochemistry and tribo-electrochemical polishing

ZHAI Wenjie

期刊论文

Enhanced electrochemical performance of CoNiS@TiCT electrode material through doping of cobalt element

期刊论文

Effect of denitrifying bacteria on the electrochemical reaction of activated carbon fiber in electrochemical

YING Diwen, JIA Jinping, ZHANG Lehua

期刊论文

Recent advances in the electrochemical oxidation water treatment: Spotlight on byproduct control

Yang Yang

期刊论文

Newly-modeled graphene-based ternary nanocomposite for the magnetophotocatalytic reduction of CO2 with electrochemical

期刊论文

Gold nanoparticles/single-stranded DNA-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites based electrochemical biosensor

期刊论文

Emerging electrochemical processes for materials recovery from wastewater: Mechanisms and prospects

Lingchen Kong, Xitong Liu

期刊论文

Investigation of electrochemical degradation and application of e-paper dyes in organic solvents

Luhai LI, Ming WANG, Yi FANG, Shunan QIAO

期刊论文

Influence of surface modified mixed metal oxide nanoparticles on the electrochemical and mechanical properties

期刊论文

/cellulose nanofiber composite films with outstanding photothermal effect, excellent mechanical and electrochemical

期刊论文

Tuning the catalytic selectivity in electrochemical CO

Jiafang XIE,Yuxi HUANG,Hanqing YU

期刊论文

Tracing the impact of stack configuration on interface resistances in reverse electrodialysis by in situ electrochemical

期刊论文